Numufuka wa plastiki wangiritse?

Muri Mutarama umwaka ushize, Igitekerezo cyo kurushaho gushimangira kurwanya umwanda wa plastiki cyatanzwe na komisiyo y'igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura na minisiteri y’ibidukikije n’ibidukikije cyiswe “itegeko rikomeye rya plastike mu mateka”. Pekin, Shanghai, Hainan n'ahandi byihutishije ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya gahunda ya plastike. Chengdu verisiyo ya "Urutonde rukomeye rwo gukumira plastike mu mateka" - "Gahunda y'ibikorwa ya Chengdu yo gushimangira kurwanya umwanda wa plastike" nayo izinjira mubuzima bwa buri wese hamwe na 2021.
Ati: “Ariko amahame ni menshi cyane, yumva ari akajagari, kandi nta gitekerezo kirimo.” Ibipimo byavuzwe na Bwana Yang, ukora mu gukora ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki, bivuga igipimo cy’imifuka ya pulasitike yangirika. Usibye Bwana Yang, abaturage benshi bayobewe ku bipimo bya “plastike ntarengwa”. Ati: "Nshyigikiye cyane imipaka ya plastike, ariko sinzi imwe mu mifuka ya pulasitike yangirika."
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'isakoshi ya pulasitike yangirika, kandi igomba gushyirwaho ikimenyetso? Umunyamakuru yabajije ibijyanye n’ibipimo bijyanye kandi abaza ibigo byipimisha.
Kumurongo Shangchao
Imifuka ya pulasitike itesha agaciro ifite ibipimo bitandukanye, kandi ibikoresho bifite intoki zitandukanye
Umunyamakuru yasuye urubuga asanga ibipimo byimifuka ya pulasitike yangirika ikoreshwa na supermarket zo kumurongo bidahuye.
Isakoshi yo guhaha ya biodegradable ikoreshwa mumuryango irangwa na GB / T38082-2019. Nk’uko uwabikoze abivuga, ubu ni bwo buryo bukoreshwa cyane mu mifuka ya pulasitike yangirika mu nganda.
Nyamara, imifuka yo kugura plastike ikoreshwa mububiko bworoshye bwa WOWO ifite amagambo gusa "imifuka yangiza ibidukikije yangiza ibidukikije", utiriwe ugaragaza ibipimo ngenderwaho cyangwa ubwoko bwa plastiki. Iyi sakoshi ya pulasitike yumva itandukanye gato nu muryango wumuryango, irumva ko ifite umubyimba kandi ifite ubuso bworoshye.
Mubyongeyeho, ibisanzwe kumifuka ya pulasitike ya supermarket eshatu ni Amashashi yo Guhaha (GB / T21661-2008). Imifuka imwe ya pulasitike ishyira mu bikorwa iki gipimo cyacapishijwe interuro ya “kurengera ibidukikije 'umufuka ujya murugo”. Ubu bwoko bwimifuka ya plastike burangirika? Abacuruzi bavuze ko atari imifuka ya pulasitike yangirika, kandi amagambo "kurengera ibidukikije" yanditswe twizeye ko buri wese ashobora kuyakoresha inshuro nyinshi.
Usibye gusura Shangchao, umunyamakuru yabonye mu kigo cy’ubucuruzi muri Erxianqiao ko hano hari ubwoko bubiri bwimifuka ya pulasitike yangirika igurishwa hano. Imwe isa nimwe mububiko bworoshye bwa WOWO, hamwe nubuso bworoshye, naho ubundi busa numufuka wa plastiki wangirika ukoreshwa mumuryango, hamwe nuburemere bworoshye.
Kubaza kumurongo
Shyira mubikorwa amahame atandukanye, kandi ibipimo biratandukanye mukarere
Nyuma yo kwinjira "imifuka ya pulasitike yangiritse" kurubuga rwubucuruzi, umunyamakuru yagishije inama kumaduka atanu cyangwa atandatu afite ibicuruzwa byinshi byagurishijwe, maze amenya ko imifuka ya pulasitike yangiritse igurishwa kumurongo harimo ibyiciro bitatu: kwangiza ibinyabuzima, kwangirika kwa krahisi no gufotora.
Muri byo, imifuka ya pulasitiki ya biodegradable ikunze kwitwa imifuka ya pulasitike yuzuye, kandi ishyirwa mubikorwa ni GB / T38082-2019. Uruvange rwa PBAT + PLA na PBAT + PLA + ST rwaremewe, kandi igipimo cyo kubora kirenze 90%. Ibikoresho byoroshye, igikapu cyoroshye, kwangirika kwa kamere, nigiciro gihenze.
Imifuka ya pulasitike ishingiye kuri krahisi irimo bio-ishingiye ku bigori bya krahisi ST30 ibintu byangirika, kandi ibipimo ni GB / T38079-2019. ST30 ihinga ibigori bivangwa nibigori bivangwa, kandi bio-ishingiye kuri 20% -50%. Ibikoresho byoroshye gato, igikapu gifite amata n'umuhondo, gishobora gushyingurwa no guteshwa agaciro, kandi igiciro kikaba gito.
Isakoshi ya pulasitike ifotora ikozwe mumabuye ya fotodegradable hamwe nifu ya organic organique MD40, kandi igipimo cyo kuyishyira mubikorwa ni GB / T20197-2006. Uruvange rwa PE na MD40 ibice byangirika byemewe, kandi igipimo cyo gutesha agaciro kirenga 30%. Ibikoresho biragoye gukoraho, umufuka wera wamata, ushobora gutwikwa mubifu, gushyingurwa no gufotora-oxyde, kandi igiciro nubukungu kandi gifatika.
Usibye ibipimo bitatu byavuzwe haruguru, umunyamakuru ntiyabonye GB / T21661-2008 muri raporo y'ubugenzuzi yatanzwe n'abacuruzi.
Bamwe mu bacuruzi bavuze ko politiki nyinshi z’ibanze zitandukanye, bitewe n’aho zikoreshwa. “Ubusanzwe ibinyabuzima bikoreshwa mu turere two ku nkombe, kandi birasabwa kugera ku mazi 100%. Kugeza ubu, Hainan isaba ibinyabuzima byuzuye, kandi kwangirika kwa krahisi no gufotora bishobora gukoreshwa mubindi bice.
Itandukaniro risanzwe
Igipimo cyasobanuye neza uburyo bwo kuranga: “shyira akamenyetso ku bicuruzwa cyangwa ibipfunyika hanze”
Ibipimo byimifuka ya pulasitike yangirika biratangaje. Ese amahame yavuzwe haruguru afite akamaro? Umunyamakuru yabajije iki kibazo muri sisitemu yigihugu isanzwe yerekana amakuru yuzuye hamwe nurubuga rujyanye ninganda. Usibye ko "GB / T21661-2008 imifuka yo guhaha ya pulasitike" yavanyweho ku ya 31 Ukuboza 2020 igasimburwa na "GB / T 21661-2020 imifuka yo kugura plastike", andi mahame yose afite agaciro.
Birakwiye ko tumenya ko GB / T 20197-2006 isobanura ibisobanuro, ibyiciro, ibimenyetso no gutesha agaciro ibisabwa bya plastiki yangirika. Ukurikije iyi ngingo ngenderwaho, mugihe cyibidukikije byagenwe, nyuma yigihe kandi ushizemo intambwe imwe cyangwa nyinshi, imiterere yimiti yibikoresho izahinduka cyane kandi imitungo imwe n'imwe izabura, cyangwa plastike izacika muri plastiki yangiritse. Ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera cyayo, inzira zanyuma zo kwangirika kwa plastiki zangirika zirimo plastiki ibora, plastiki ifumbire mvaruganda, plastike ifotora hamwe na plastike yangiza.
Muri icyo gihe, birasabwa muri iki gipimo ko mugihe ukoresheje ibimenyetso kubicuruzwa bya pulasitiki byangirika, bigomba gushyirwaho ibicuruzwa cyangwa gupakira hanze. Urupapuro rwa pulasitike rushobora gufotorwa rwakozwe hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho rurimo ifu ya minerval 15% na fibre yikirahure ya 25% kubwinshi, hanyuma hongerwaho 5%. Uburebure, ubugari n'ubugari ni 500mm, 1000mm na 2mm uko bikurikirana, bigaragazwa nka GB / T20197 / ifotora ya plastike PP- (GF25 + MD15) DPA5.