Igare ryamashanyarazi ryuzuye igare

Igare ryamashanyarazi, ryerekeza kuri bateri nkingufu zifasha mumagare asanzwe hashingiwe ku gushiraho moteri, umugenzuzi, bateri, feri ihinduranya nibindi bice bigenzura hamwe na sisitemu yerekana ibikoresho byo guhuza ibinyabiziga bwite.

2013 "Ihuriro ry’amashanyarazi y’amagare y’inganda mu Bushinwa" ryerekana ko umubare w’amagare y’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa bitarenze miliyoni 200, kandi ukaba uri mu mpaka z’amagare y’amashanyarazi "igipimo gishya cy’IGIHUGU" nacyo kizashyirwaho. Ibipimo bishya biteganijwe ko bizahindura inganda za e-gare.

Ibice byingenzi bigize

Amashanyarazi

Amashanyarazi ni igikoresho cyo kongera ingufu muri bateri. Mubisanzwe bigabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri byuburyo bwo kwishyuza hamwe nuburyo butatu bwo kwishyuza. Uburyo bwo kwishyuza ibyiciro bibiri: guhora kwishyuza buri gihe ubanza, kwishyiriraho amashanyarazi bigenda bigabanuka buhoro buhoro hamwe no kwiyongera kwumubyigano wa bateri, kandi mugihe ingufu za batiri zujujwe kurwego runaka, ingufu za batiri zizamuka kugeza kumurongo wagenwe wa charger, hanyuma bizahindurwa muburyo bwo kwishyuza. Uburyo bwo kwishyuza ibyiciro bitatu: mugitangira cyo kwishyuza, kwishyuza buri gihe birakorwa kugirango byuzuze vuba ingufu za batiri; Iyo ingufu za batiri zazamutse, bateri yishyurwa kuri voltage ihoraho. Muri iki gihe, ingufu za batiri zuzuzwa buhoro buhoro kandi ingufu za batiri zikomeza kwiyongera. Iyo amashanyarazi arangije voltage ya charger ageze, bizahinduka kuri trickle charge kugirango ukomeze bateri kandi utange ubwikorezi bwa batiri.

Batare

Batteri nimbaraga zo mubutaka zitanga ingufu zamashanyarazi, ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bikoresha cyane ya aside aside ikomatanya. Byongeye kandi, bateri ya nikel hydride na bateri ya lithium ion nayo yakoreshejwe mumashanyarazi amwe azunguruka.

Koresha inama: umugenzuzi mukuru wububiko bwamashanyarazi nyirizina, hamwe numuyoboro munini ukora, uzohereza ubushyuhe bunini. Kubwibyo, imodoka yamashanyarazi ntiparika izuba, nanone ntugatose igihe kinini, kugirango utagenzura kunanirwa.

Umugenzuzi

Igenzura nigice kigenzura umuvuduko wa moteri, kandi ni nacyo kintu cya sisitemu yimodoka. Ifite imikorere ya undervoltage, kugarukira kurubu cyangwa kurinda birenze. Umugenzuzi wubwenge afite kandi uburyo butandukanye bwo kugendana nibikoresho byamashanyarazi yimikorere yo kwisuzuma. Igenzura ningingo nyamukuru yo gucunga ingufu zamashanyarazi no gutunganya ibimenyetso bitandukanye.

Hindura ikiganza, feri

Igikoresho, feri, nibindi nibimenyetso byinjiza bigize umugenzuzi. Ikimenyetso cya handike nikimenyetso cyo gutwara ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi. Ikimenyetso cya feri nigihe feri yimodoka yamashanyarazi, feri yimbere yimbere ya elegitoronike kugirango igenzure ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi; Umugenzuzi amaze kwakira iki kimenyetso, bizahagarika amashanyarazi kuri moteri, kugirango bigere kumikorere ya feri.

Rukuruzi

Amagare ya sensor

Imbaraga za sensor nigikoresho cyerekana imbaraga za pedal nibimenyetso byihuta mugihe ikinyabiziga cyamashanyarazi kimeze. Ukurikije ingufu z'amashanyarazi, umugenzuzi arashobora guhita ahuza imbaraga nimbaraga zo gutwara imodoka y'amashanyarazi kuzunguruka. Icyuma gikoresha ingufu zizwi cyane ni icyerekezo cya torque sensor, gishobora gukusanya ibumoso niburyo bwimbaraga za pedal, kandi igakoresha uburyo bwo kubona ibimenyetso bya elegitoroniki ya elegitoronike, bityo bikazamura ukuri no kwizerwa byo kubona ibimenyetso.

Moteri

Igice cyingenzi cyamagare yamashanyarazi ni moteri, moteri yamagare yamashanyarazi ahanini igena imikorere nicyiciro cyimodoka. Moteri nyinshi zikoreshwa nigare ryamashanyarazi nubushobozi buke bwisi budasanzwe moteri ya magneti, igabanijwemo cyane muburyo butatu: moteri yihuta yohasi-iryinyo + igabanya moteri, moteri yihuta-y-amenyo na moteri idafite umuvuduko mwinshi.

Moteri nikintu gihindura ingufu za batiri mumashanyarazi kandi kigatwara ibiziga byamashanyarazi kuzunguruka. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa moteri ikoreshwa mumashanyarazi, nkimashini, imiterere yihuta nuburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi. Ibisanzwe ni: guswera hamwe na moteri ya hub, guswera nta moteri ya hub, guswera nta moteri ya hub, guswera nta moteri ya moteri ya moteri, moteri ya disiki ndende, moteri imanika uruhande, nibindi.

Amatara n'ibikoresho

Amatara n'ibikoresho nibice bitanga urumuri no kwerekana imiterere yimodoka zamashanyarazi. Igikoresho muri rusange gitanga amashanyarazi ya batiri, kwerekana umuvuduko wibinyabiziga, kwerekana imiterere, kwerekana itara, nibindi. Ibikoresho byubwenge birashobora kandi kwerekana amakosa yibikoresho byamashanyarazi.

Imiterere rusange

Amagare menshi yamashanyarazi akoresha moteri ya hub kugirango atware ibiziga byimbere cyangwa inyuma kugirango azunguruke. Moteri yo mu bwoko bwa hub ihujwe ninziga zingana na diametre zitandukanye ukurikije umuvuduko utandukanye wo gutwara ibinyabiziga byose, hamwe n'umuvuduko ugera kuri 20km / h. Nubwo izo modoka zamashanyarazi zifite imiterere itandukanye hamwe na batiri, amahame yo gutwara no kugenzura arasanzwe. Ubwoko bwa gare yamashanyarazi ninzira nyamukuru yibicuruzwa byamashanyarazi.

Igare ryamashanyarazi yubwubatsi budasanzwe

Umubare muto wibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bitwarwa na moteri itari hub. Izi modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoresha uruhande - rushyizweho cyangwa moteri ya moteri, hagati - moteri yimodoka, moteri yipine. Imikoreshereze rusange yiyi moteri itwara moteri, uburemere bwibinyabiziga bizagabanuka, imikorere ya moteri iri munsi yubushobozi bwa hub. Hamwe nimbaraga za bateri imwe, imodoka ikoresha moteri mubisanzwe izaba ifite intera ngufi ya 5% -10% ugereranije nubwoko bwa hub.